Cattle Vaccination Tables - Click Here Breeding Herd 1.
Core Vaccines: IBR, PI3, BVD, BRSV, and Leptospirosis
Objective: To protect cows against abortion, pneumonia, giving birth to calves persistently infected with BVD and improves the passive protection against pneumonia for calvesavailable in the cow`s colostrum.
Options:
Killed vaccines:
Triangle 9 Sentry 9 -Somnugen (also includes Histophilus somnus)
Modified Live Vaccines: Express 10 Vista 5 L5 SQ
The terms killed and modified live only refer to the IBR, PI3, BVD, and BRSV components of these vaccines. The Leptospirosis and Histophilus components are killed in all of these vaccines.
Vaccination Protocol:
Killed vaccines:
Safe for use in pregnant or non-pregnant cows Requires 2 injections 2 4 weeks apart the first year the vaccine is used for effective immunity In each following year a single injection is required to maintain effective immunity
The dose is 5cc per animal injected IM preferably in the neck (Triangle 9 can be injected either SQ or IM)
Slaughter withdrawal is 21 days Milk withdrawal is 0 days
Modified Live Vaccines:
Label recommends use in non- pregnant cattle only. Express 10 is labelled as safe for use in pregnant cattle after they have received at least one immunization while they are open.
For the best protection immunization should occur about 2 weeks before the breeding season The label recommends a booster of the BRSV and Leptospirosis components of the vaccine in 2 4 weeks in the case of Express 10 (this is not on the label of Vista 5 L5 SQ) In each succeeding year a single injection is required to maintain effective immunity The dose is 2cc per cow injected SQ Slaughter withdrawal is 21 days Milk withdrawal is 0 days
2. Scour Vaccines: E. coli, Rotavirus, Coronavirus, and Clostridium perfringens type C
Objective: To increase the passive immunity against the common infectious causes of scours that is available to calves in the cow`s colostrums.
Options: Scour Bos 9 / 4
Scourguard 4 KC
Vaccination Protocol:
Scour Bos: Requires 2 separate injections during the first year it is given to a cow to provide effective immunity.
The first injection is Scour Bos 9 and it is given 8 16 weeks before calving (or 9 weeks if it helps you link the name with the time to give it) The second injection is Scour Bos 4 and it is given about 4 weeks before calving In each succeeding year a single injection of Scour Bos 9 is given 8 16 weeks before calving to maintain effective immunity
The dose is 2cc per cow injected IM for each vaccine
Slaughter withdrawal is 60 days
Milk withdrawal is 0 days
Scourguard 4KC: Requires 2 separate injections during the first year it is given to a cow to provide effective immunity
The first injection should be given 6 to 9 weeks before calving.
The second injection should be given 3 -6 weeks before calving.
In each succeeding year a single injection is given 3 6 weeks
before calving to maintain effective immunity .
The dose is 2cc per cow injected IM
Slaughter withdrawal is 21 days.
Milk withdrawal is 0 days.
3. Clostridial Vaccines: Blackleg, Enterotoxemia, Tetanus and others.
Objective: When these vaccines are used in cows the main objective is to increase passive protection against these diseases that will be provided to her newborn calf in the cow`s colostrum. It will also improve the cow`s own immunity to these diseases, however, a cow that has been properly immunized as a calf and as a yearling is generally adequately protected from these diseases for years (probably for life).
Options: Tasvax 8 Vision 7 (no tetanus)
Vaccination Protocol: To improve antibodies in colostrums the optimum time to give the vaccine is about 1 month before calving (about the time scour vaccines are given). If cows have been adequately immunized as calves and yearlings a single injection provides an adequate increase in colostral antibodies.
The dose for Vision 7 is 2cc injected SQ The dose for Tasvax 8 is 4cc injected SQ Slaughter withdrawal is 21 days. Milk withdrawal is 0 days.
4. Mastitis Vaccines: E. coli
Objective: To increase protection against a life threatening form of mastitis caused by E. coli and some closely related bacteria. This mastitis causes the milk to look more like water and releases toxins into the body that cause the cow to become very ill and sometimes die. The vaccine primarily protects against the effects of these toxins, and since these toxins are produced by Salmonella (mostly a digestive system infection) as well there is a label claim for protection against Salmonella. These vaccines are not intended to protect against all types of mastitis. This group of products is used almost exclusively in dairy cattle.
Options: -J-Vac or Enviracor J-5
Vaccination Protocol:
Enviracor J-5: Vaccination protocol is the same every year. The dose is 5cc injected SQ 3 doses are given each lactation at 7 months pregnant, 8 months pregnant and 1 2 weeks after calving. Slaughter withdrawal is 60 days. Milk withdrawal is 0 days.
J-Vac: -Vaccination protocol is the same every year Dose is 4 cc injected SQ 2 doses are given each year at 7 months pregnant and 1 3 weeks before calving Slaughter withdrawal is 21 days Milk withdrawal is 0 days
These vaccines should be used cautiously and avoid use in times of increased stress ( eg. extremely hot, humid weather) as adverse vaccine reaction rates increase. There are several off label protocols that are used from time to time with these vaccines.
Calves and Yearlings
1.Core Vaccines: IBR, PI3, BVD, BRSV, Blackleg, Enterotoxemia, and Tetanus.
Objective: To reduce the risk of pneumonia and prevent the clostridial diseases ( blackleg, enterotoxemia, and tetanus) in yearlings and in calves old enough to be effectively immunized (this can be achieved at 6 months of age and often immunization is reasonably effective at 4 months of age).
Options: Clostridial Vaccines: Tasvax 8, or Vision 7 (no tetanus)
Killed Vaccines:
Triangle Sentry 4 Somnugen (includes immunization against H. somnus)
Modified Live Vaccines:
Express 5
Express 5 Somnugen (includes H. somnus) -Express 5 PHM (includes M. haemolytica and P.multocida) - Vision 5 SQ
Vaccination Protocol:
Clostridial Vaccines: It is difficult to be precise about the minimum age at which a calf`s immune system will respond effectively to a vaccine and this age will vary from calf to calf. Tasvax 8 specifies 6 months of age on the label and this is a conservative recommendation. There is a good chance of effective immunization in calves over 4 months of age and the probability of success goes down with younger ages.
It is difficult to protect calves in the 0 4 month age group. The follow steps will reduce the risk but there is no completely effective approach.
1. Immunize the cow about 1 month prior to calving and ensure that the calf gets at least 2 litres (quarts) of colostrums in the first 6 hours of life (the sooner the better).
2. Vaccinate the calf before 4 months of age recognizing that an effective immune response cannot be relied upon in all calves and they should be vaccinated again when they are over 4 months old.
Vision7:
The label recommendation is 2 vaccinations 3 4 weeks apart the first year and a single vaccination in each following year. Calves that are old enough to respond to the vaccine achieve an effective immune response from a single injection and a booster 1 year later provides effective immunity that lasts for years (probably for life). The dose is 2cc injected SQ Slaughter withdrawal is 21 days
Tasvax 8:The label recommends 2 vaccinations 6 weeks apart the first year it is used and repeat vaccinations every 6 months or 2 weeks before anticipated outbreaks. Calves that are old enough to respond to the vaccine achieve an effective immune response from a single injection and a booster 1 year later provides effective immunity that lasts for years ( probably for life). The dose is 4cc injected SQ. Slaughter withdrawal is 21 days. This vaccine should be used prior to using the banding technique to castrate older calves as they are at risk for contracting tetanus.
Killed and Modified Live Vaccines: Similar to the clostridial vaccines, it is difficult to predict the minimum age at which these vaccines will produce an effective response. The label on the Express vaccines specifies 6 months and the Vista 5 SQ specifies 3 months. These are conservative ages and effective immunity will occur in calves at younger ages however, the probability of successful immunization decreases as the age of the calf decreases.
Killed Vaccines: These vaccines are safe for use in calves in contact with cows whether the cows have been immunized with modified live vaccines within the last year or not. 2 injections given 2 4 weeks apart are required the first time these vaccines are given to an animal and immunity is maintained with a single injection in each following year. The dose for Triangle 4 is 2cc injected IM or SQ. The dose for Sentry 4 Somnugen is 5cc injected IM. Slaughter withdrawal is 21 days.
Modified Live Vaccines: Do not use on calves in contact with pregnant cows that have not been immunized with a modified live vaccine within the last year due to an increased risk for abortion caused by live vaccine virus being shed from the calves.
A single injection provides effective immunity against IBR, PI3 and BVD that will last several months to a year and a booster should be given each year to maintain immunity. Vista 5 SQ is labelled to provide effective immunity against BRSV with a single injection while Express 5 recommends a booster with a BRSV vaccine 2 4 weeks following the initial injection with Express 5. The dose is 2cc injected SQ. Slaughter withdrawal is 21 days.
2. Additional Respiratory Vaccines:
Histophilus somnus Mannheimia hemolytica Pasteurella multocida
Options:
Somnustar PH (H. somnus, M. hemolytica) Sentry 4 or 9 - Somnugen ( contains H. somnus) Express 5- Somnugen ( contains H. somnus) Express 5 PHM ( contains M. Hemolytica, P. multocida)
Vaccination Protocol:
Somnustar PH:
Safe for use in calves in contact with pregnant cows that have not been vaccinated with a modified live vaccine within the last year. The label reccomends use in calves over 6 months old. It requires 2 vaccinations, 2-6 weeks apart for best immunity againstH. somnus, but 1 injection is sufficient for M. hemolytica. The dose is 2 cc injected SQ.
Sentry 4 or 9 - Somnugen
See recommendations for use in the killed vaccines in the core vaccine section for calves and yearlings.
Express 5-Somnugen or Express 5 PHM:
Do not use on calves in contact with pregnant cows that have not been vaccinated with a modified live vaccine within the last year due to an increase risk of abortion caused by live vaccine virus being shed by the calves following vaccination. The label recommends use in calves over 6 months old. Although effective immunity can be expected at younger ages the probablity of success decreases as age decreases. Requires 2 vaccinations 2-4 weeks apart during the first year. These vaccines are used according to the label if effective, immunity to the bacterial components of the vaccine is to be achieved especially H. somnus, even though one injection is sufficient for the viral components. The dose is 2 cc injected SQ. Slaughter withdrawl is 60 days for Express 5 PHM and 28 days for Express 5- Somnugen.
3. Scour(Diarrhea) Prevention in Newborn Calves: E. coli, Rotavirus and Coronavirus.
Objectives: To supplement a good scour prevention program by providing additional antibodies or attempting to stimulate the calf`s immune system against some of the infectious causes of scours. The most valuable steps in preventing scours involve:
Minimize the manure contamination (especially from calves that have scours) in the environment in which the calf is born and raised. Good nutrition for pregnant cows. Proper immunization of pregnant cows with core vaccines and scour vaccines. Ensure that calves drink 2 litres (quarts) of colostrums in the first 6 hours after birth and 4 litres within 24 hours (exact volumes are easier for dairy farmers to follow than beef farmers but the principle applies to both)
Options: Colimune Oral First Defense Immustart Calf - Guard
Protocols:
Colimune Oral:Provides supplemental antibodies against strains of E. coli associated with scours in calves during the first few days of life. The dose is 10ml (one preloaded syringe) orally within the first 12 hours of life.
First Defense:Provides supplemental antibodies against strains of E. coli and coronavirus associated with scours in calves during the first few weeks of life. The dose is 1 bolus orally during the first 12 hours after birth.
Immustart: Provides a broad range of supplemental antibodies, vitamins and probiotics for use as a colostrum supplement. For use in situations where there is not enough colostrum available to feed the newborn calf. The contents of the pouch are mixed (vigorously) with body temperature water. The mixture is fed to the calf with a nipple bottle ( if the calf is able to feed this way) or with an esophageal feeder. The amount fed depends on the size of the calf, the amount of colostrum available and the stress level (e.g. hypothermia, difficult birth, injury).The minimum dose is 1 pouch and the maximum dose is usually 2 pouches although in situations of large, injured, hypothermic or hard to deliver calves there may be times where 3 pouches are warranted.
Calf-Guard : This is a vaccine against Rotavirus and Coronavirus associated with scours in calves during the first few weeks of life. It can be used to vaccinate either cows prior to calving or calves in the first day of life (ASAP after birth.
To immunize calves mix the diluent with the freeze dried vaccine,draw up the mixture into a syringe, remove the needle, and give the dose orally.